- Plan to Zero
- Plan to Zero - Stop! Don't Do That!
- Plan to Zero - Nega-Watts!
- Plan to Zero - Baseload
- Plan to Zero - Made in the USA
- Plan to Zero - Do No Harm
- Plan to Zero - The electric super speed way
- Plan to Zero - Load Growth
- Plan to Zero - Get out of the Way
- Plan to Zero - Power to the People
- Plan to Zero - This means you!
- Plan to Zero - Measure it Right
Research and development are the path to solving much of the energy transition. Both governments and commercial enterprises have roles in this effort (Universities seldom self-fund & depend on government or commercial funding).
NASA created the Technical Level Readiness (TRL) scale and it likely should be used to determine whose role it is for funding. From TRL 1 to TRL level 6 (basic principles thru prototype demonstration) most funding should be from the government. TRL 7 and up, should be commercial. The government should receive payments from Intellectual property (e.g., Patents, etc.) for their work. Patents should all be given to the government for all government funded projects (Yes, I can hear the screams now from universities).
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This should be fundamental research structure for most research. Government spends money to create a new technology and prove it can work, then licenses it to commercial entities to take from the pilot stages into commercial projects.
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Changes need to be made to make the government spending in R&D more useful and to move faster to TRL 6. Having been inside the government R&D machine, handling the budget for RDT&E in the 1980s as a Naval Officer, I saw what passed for annual project reviews and inputs from outside the research community. I have had close and personal contact with current research budgeting and reviews as well, the last time was less than 3 months ago.
Please see below for specific changes in the first 2 comments.