The energy transition implies a radical change of the electrical systems, characterized by an ever lower inertia of power grid system, an extreme variability of the power flows with a strong push from the static production areas and, at the same time, by an increase in the fault propagation due to the phase-out of conventional groups.
To achieve these objectives it is necessary to work on the coal phase-out processes by enabling the major development of renewables, guaranteeing production planning by introducing demand within the electricity system which, through its flexibility, makes the network evolve in an adaptive model various future needs (adaptive grid).
The power grid must evolve from a production-based system to one that integrates different types of consumption, transforming it from decentralized to adaptive to address new problems related to climate change, the introduction of non-programmable renewable energy and terrorist actions that can shatter the power grid system.
The aggregation of flexible resources (Demand Side Management) and the ability to comply with the electrical programs (baseline), introduce the definitive model of Demand-Response Load Shaping.
This paper presents the case study in Italy (North Italy electricity zone), in progress, where an industrial district has been created with virtual zones that are able to balance the power grid, providing services to the grid (Ancillary Service Market), through modulation of electricity consumption, in aggregate mode.
The goal of the project is to build clusters of flexible areas capable of reduce internal perturbance in the power grid (balancing/congestion) and external perturbance such as catastrophic meteorological events due to ongoing climate change or events attributable to cyber security.