When perovskite was first used in a solar cell, at best its power conversion efficiency (PCE) was no more than 15%. Silicon cells had better PCE scores and were the standard for the solar panel industry. Today, because of new architectures in the design of perovskite cells, they are achieving 34.6% with a theoretical upper limit of 43%. The best silicon-based photovoltaics on the market today have a PCE of 24.1%. Already, perovskite photovoltaics are demonstrating they can outperform the existing industry leader. That's why IDTechEx sees the future path of solar power deployment from 2030 onward as being heavily perovskite.