Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have gained high commercial value in the global market due to their high energy density, compact size and enhanced cycle life. Apart from being the drivers of EV manufacturing in the world, they are used for energy storage in electronics and off-grid power supply. However, material scarcity and higher costs restrain their production up-scaling. Lithium, cobalt, manganese and copper are the metals consumed for battery manufacturing. These are geographically constrained, increase battery production cost and their refining is energy-intensive, leaving a carbon residue behind them. To overcome these shortcomings, the market is exploring potential promising alternative – Sodium-Ion batteries.
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