E Kerosene
While ReFuelEU seems to have triggered a lot of ambitious announcements, many challenges still
stand in the way of the scaling up of e-kerosene production in Europe :
● Some regulatory loopholes, including a lack of incentives to supply e-kerosene before 2030,
looming regulatory incentives to use e-fuels in the road sector, and the possible
non-inclusion of e-fuels for aviation and shipping as a strategic technology in the Net Zero
Industrial Act (NZIA).
● The limited availability of renewable hydrogen and sustainable carbon sources risks creating
a bottleneck on the market.
● High production costs remain a significant barrier to secure offtake agreements with airlines,
although ReFuelEU financial penalties, the SAF allowances and Contracts for Difference (CfD)
schemes should contribute to solving that issue.
