Each segment of the electric network uses different communications methods and application models. It is not feasible to specify a uniform communications protocol or semantic for all aspects of utility operations because different segments have different requirements. However, for seamless operation of a smart grid, these differences must not impede the flow of data and control. Therefore, the various protocols and semantics need to interoperate among themselves and with others, possibly via gateways that translate between protocols. This paper defines interoperability and explains how to achieve it within the smart grid. more...
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